For centuries Pashtuns from the Peshawar Valley and today's Pakistan-Afghan borderlands have circulated throughout the sub-continent and the Indian Ocean region. This interregional history of migration and mobility in the modern period from 1775 to 2006 follows Pashtun individuals and communities as they left homelands and responded to colonial and post-colonial opportunities and challenges in eighteenth century Rohilkhand, nineteenth century northern India and Hyderabad, Pakistan after 1947, and the Gulf region from the nineteenth century to the present. Pashtuns in permanent or temporary diaspora were transformed by the range of possible social consequences as they circulated in South Asia and the greater Indian Ocean region, variously experiencing degrees of assimilation, integration, sustained ethnic self-awareness, and, increasingly, notions of 'national' identity. Pashtuns in home villages and in distant locations exhibited personal initiative and agency even as they were affected by wider European imperial policies, national and interregional political competition, and the evolving pressures of an expanding world economy. This work illuminates the history of Pashtuns and Pakistan and offers insight into how Asian regional populations have been integrated into, and often subordinated by, the dynamics of contemporary globalization.
Readership: The general public interested in the history and society of Pashtuns and Pakistan; students and scholars of regional, Pakistani, South Asian, Gulf, and Indian Ocean social and economic histories; and those interested in themes related to migration studies, globalization studies, and colonial and post-colonial dynamics. The book would be appropriate for any College and University students and courses focusing upon South Asia history, Indian Ocean history, migration studies, Asian labour history, colonial and post-colonial economies, and Pashtun and Pakistani social dynamics.
"Nichols provides an in-depth historical, anthropological, sociological and economic overview of the importance of migration and circulation in Pashtun society... An excellent account enabling a good understanding of Pashtun migration and culture." - Katie Kuschminder, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies.
Preface: Writing History 1: Introduction: Regional Lives Taking Global Roles 2: Integration through Subordination to Modern Empire 3: Nineteenth Century Assimilation and Resistance 4: Colonial Diaspora and Pashtun Adaptation 5: National Integration, Transnational Circulation, 1950-2000 6: Pashtuns as Global Workers, Dubai 2006 Conclusion Appendices Bibliography Index
