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Civil Resistance and Power Politics
The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present
Edited by Sir Adam Roberts and Timothy Garton Ash
432 pages
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Over 70 photographs
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234x156mm
978-0-19-955201-6
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Hardback
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03 September 2009
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- Unprecedented survey of defining aspects of recent world history
- Chapters written by leading specialists from around the world
- Engagingly and accessibly written
- Illustrated throughout
This widely-praised book identified peaceful struggle as a key phenomenon in international politics a year before the revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt confirmed its central argument. Civil resistance - non-violent action against such challenges as dictatorial rule, racial discrimination and foreign military occupation - is a significant but inadequately understood feature of world politics. Especially through the peaceful revolutions of 1989, and the developments in the Arab world since December 2010, it has helped to shape the world we live in.
Civil Resistance and Power Politics covers most of the leading cases, including the actions master-minded by Gandhi, the US
civil rights struggle in the 1960s, the Islamic revolution in Iran in 1979, the 'people power' revolt in the Philippines in the 1980s, the campaigns against apartheid in South Africa, the various movements contributing to the collapse of the Soviet Bloc in 1989-91, and, in this century, the 'colour revolutions' in Georgia and Ukraine. The chapters, written by leading experts, are richly descriptive and analytically rigorous.
This book addresses the complex interrelationship between civil resistance and other dimensions of power. It explores the question of whether civil resistance should be seen as potentially replacing violence completely, or as a phenomenon that operates in conjunction with, and modification of, power politics. It looks at cases where campaigns
were repressed, including China in 1989 and Burma in 2007. It notes that in several instances, including Northern Ireland, Kosovo and, Georgia, civil resistance movements were followed by the outbreak of armed conflict. It also includes a chapter with new material from Russian archives showing how the Soviet leadership responded to civil resistance, and a comprehensive bibliographical essay.
Illustrated throughout with a remarkable selection of photographs, this uniquely wide-ranging and path-breaking study is written in an accessible style and is intended for the general reader as well as for students of Modern History, Politics, Sociology, and International Relations.Readership: General
readers interested in international issues. Scholars and students of political science, international relations, sociology, and history.
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Edited by Sir Adam Roberts, Professor, Emeritus Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford, and Timothy Garton Ash, Professor of European Studies at the University of Oxford and Isaiah Berlin Professorial Fellow at St Antony's College, Oxford Contributors:
Ervand Abrahamian is Distinguished Professor of History at City University of New York.
Mark R. Beissinger is Professor of Politics at Princeton University, specializing in Russian and post-Soviet politics.
Judith Brown is Beit Professor of Commonwealth History at Oxford University and Professorial Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford.
April Carter is an
Honorary Research Fellow at the Centre for Peace and Reconciliation Studies, Coventry University.
Howard Clark is Chair of War Resisters' International and Honorary Research Fellow at the Centre for Peace and Reconciliation Studies at Coventry University.
Richard English is Professor of Politics at Queen's University.
Christina Fink is a Lecturer at the International Sustainable Development Studies
Institute in Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Timothy Garton Ash is Professor of European Studies at the University of Oxford, Isaiah Berlin Professorial Fellow at St Antony's College, Oxford, and a Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University.
Merle Goldman is Professor Emerita at Boston University and Associate at the
Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies, Harvard University.
Carlos Huneeus is Professor of the Institute of International Studies at the University of Chile and Executive Director of Corporation CERC.
Stephen Jones is Professor of Russian and Eurasian Studies at Mount Holyoke College. He has written over 50 articles and chapters on Georgian history and politics.
Mark Kramer is Director of the Harvard Cold War Studies Project at Harvard University and a Senior Fellow at Harvard's Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies.
Tom Lodge is Professor of Peace and Conflict Studies at the University of Limerick.
Charles S. Maier is the Leverett Saltonstall Professor of History at Harvard University where he teaches European and
international history.
Kenneth Maxwell is Director of the Brazil Studies Program at Harvard University's David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies and a Visiting Professor in the Department of History.
Doug McAdam is Professor of Sociology at Stanford University.
Amado Mendoza is Associate Professor in Political Science and International Studies at the University of the Philippines in Diliman, Quezon City.
Adam Roberts is Senior Research Fellow, Department of Politics and International Relations, Oxford University, and Emeritus Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford.
Aleksander Smolar is Chairman of the Board of the Stefan Batory Foundation in Warsaw and a Senior Research Fellow at the Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique in Paris.
Ivan Vejvoda is Executive Director of the Balkan Trust for Democracy.
Kieran Williams is Instructor in Politics at Drake University.
Andrew Wilson is Senior Lecturer in Ukrainian Studies at the School of Slavonic and East European Studies at the University College London.
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"a highly informative compilation of differing quests for political, economic, and social change over the past half-century ... The great value of Civil Resistance and Power Politics is to provide relatively succinct accounts of these diverse events in such a way as to underline both their differences and their similarities." - Brian Urquhart, New York Review of Books "Roberts and Garton Ash succeed in their task magnificently. Seldom has a collective work displayed such coordinated research; seldom has the selection of authors been so successful...; and seldom have the introductory and concluding essays in an edited work been so effective... indispensable book" - Pierre Hassner, Survival, International Institute for
Strategic Studies "This book is a timely reminder that realpolitik is by no means always the best way to consolidate power. And this may prompt a rethink as to the very nature of power itself." - David Wedgwood Benn, International Affairs "a book full of thought-provoking stories and arresting statistics...a valuable contribution to our understanding of a phenomenon that history has too often ignored - and a political tactic that looks set to become even more potent in the years ahead." - Andrew Lynch, Sunday Business Post
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Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
List of Illustrations
List of Contributors
List of Initial Questions
1: Adam Roberts: Civil Resistance and Power Politics
2: April Carter: People Power and Protest: The Literature on Civil Resistance in Historical Context
3: Judith Brown: Gandhi and Civil Resistance in India, 1917-47: Key Issues
4: Doug McAdam: The US Civil Rights Movement: Power from Below and Above, 1945-70
5: Richard English: The Interplay of Non-violent and Violent Action in Northern Ireland, 1967-72
6: Mark Kramer: The Dialectics of Empire: Soviet Leaders and the Challenge of Civil Resistance in East-Central Europe, 1968-91
7: Kieran Williams: Civil Resistance in Czechoslovakia: From Soviet Invasion to 'Velvet Revolution', 1968-89
8: Aleksander Smolar: Towards 'Self-Limiting Revolution': Poland, 1970-89
9: Kenneth Maxwell: Portugal: 'The Revolution of the Carnations', 1974-75
10: Ervand Abrahamian: Mass Protests in the Iranian Revolution, 1977-79
11: Amado Mendoza: 'People Power' in the Philippines, 1983-86
12: Carlos Huneeus: Political Mass Mobilization against Authoritarian Rule: Pinochet's Chile, 1983-88
13: Tom Lodge: The Interplay of Non-violent and Violent Action in the Movement against Apartheid in South Africa, 1983-94
14: Mark R. Beissinger: The Intersection of Ethnic Nationalism and People Power Tactics in the Baltic States, 1987-91
15: Merle Goldman: The 1989 Demonstrations in Tiananmen Square and Beyond: Echoes of Gandhi
16: Charles S. Maier: Civil Resistance and Civil Society: Lessons from the Collapse of the German Democratic Republic in 1989
17: Howard Clark: The Limits of Prudence: Civil Resistance in Kosovo, 1990-98
18: Ivan Vejvoda: Civil Society versus Slobodan Milosevic: Serbia, 1991-2000
19: Stephen Jones: Georgia's 'Rose Revolution' of 2003: A Forceful Peace
20: Andrew Wilson: Ukraine's 'Orange Revolution' of 2004: The Paradoxes of Negotiation
21: Christina Fink: The Moment of the Monks: Burma, 2007
22: Timothy Garton Ash: A Century of Civil Resistance: Some Lessons and Questions
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